Journal of Public Health and Diseases

Asthma is one of the major substantial public health problems, caused by both the genetic and the environmental factors (allergens and air pollution). Here, the prevalence of allergens of atopic asthma was investigated and carried out at Square Hospitals Limited., Dhaka from November 2019 to July 2020. The study group consisted of 168 asthmatic subjects who suffered from asthma. Skin prick test of 56 listed allergens, serum immunoglobulin E level, and clinical history were assessed to investigate the prevalence. The survey depicted an 80% positive reaction to Dermatophagoides farinae and a 71% to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. For these allergens, a high prevalence was recorded in males (50% and 47.02%) who belonged to the age group of 26 to 45 years (28.57% and 24.40% respectively). Furthermore, the significance of family history of allergy (51.79% and 48.81%) and medication history (41.07% and 39.29%) was found to be substantial for these allergens. Additionally, 57% of respondents were tested positive for dog epithelia and cockroach allergens, 56% for grain (wheat) dust, 44% to mosquito allergen, 42% for house dust and Aspergillus fumigatus, 36% to chicken feather, 35% for pigeon feather, and 6% to latex. Moreover, 80.36% of respondents had elevated serum immunoglobulin E level concerning their ages and 11.90% did not have serum reports. Interestingly, the respondents who had no family history of allergy were found to be more allergic to fungi allergens. Lastly, 39.1% of respondents were allergic to different kinds of foods like aquatic or seafood, animal products, dairy products, fruits, and vegetables. Among the respondents, 64.9% reported to have a positive family history. Association and correlation of allergens with different risk factors were analyzed and it was concluded that people predominantly suffered from mite allergens followed by animal dander, insect, dust, fungi and pollen, and a minute amount of latex allergens.