JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND DISEASES
Integrity Research Journals
ISSN: 2705-2214
Model: Open Access/Peer Reviewed
DOI: 10.31248/JPHD
Start Year: 2018
Email: jphd@integrityresjournals.org
Resistant status and intensity of resistance of Anopheles gambiae sensu lato to pyrethroid and organophosphate in Lafia, Nasarawa State Nigeria
https://doi.org/10.31248/JPHD2021.111 | Article Number: 19CF832D2 | Vol.5 (2) - April 2022
Received Date: 25 November 2021 | Accepted Date: 28 March 2022 | Published Date: 30 April 2022
Authors: Luka, J. , Yina, G. I.* and Okeke, P.
Keywords: organophosphate, resistance, Insecticide, pyrethroid, Lafia
Monitoring and understanding the trend and dynamics of insecticide resistance are key to devising efficient control strategies. This study was carried out to investigate the resistance status of Anopheles gambiae sl mosquitoes in Lafia, Nasarawa State Nigeria to three pyrethroid (deltamethrin, Alphacypermethrin and permethrin) with concentration of 12.5 µg/bottle each and an organophosphate (pirimiphose-methyl 20 µg/bottle). Larvae and pupae of Anopheles mosquito were sampled within the metropolis and reared to adults in the insectary of Nasarawa State University, Keffi Nasarawa State. Emerged adults of 2 to 5 days old and non-blood fed were tested for resistance using CDC bottle bioassay susceptibility protocol. Results showed that the local mosquitoes species were resistant to all the three pyrethroid (deltamethrin, Alphacypermethrin and permethrin) but showed possible resistant to organophosphate (pirimiphose-methyl) with mortalities of 88, 84, 54, and 95% respectively. Exposure to piperonyl butoxide (PBO) as a synergist resulted in the susceptibility (100 and 98%) of mosquitoes to deltamethrin and Alphacypermethrin respectively but resistant (81%) to permethrin. The intensity of resistance of the vector population to pyrethroid was high especially with permethrin. The mosquitoes were only susceptible (100%) to deltamethrin and Alphacypermethrin at X5 concentration and permethrin at X10 concentration. Insecticide based intervention strategy remain the principal vector control measure in malaria endemic countries like Nigeria. Based on the result of this study, future vector control programme should take into consideration the deployment of nets that are treated with alphacypermethrin or deltamethrin combined with PBO (PBO based nets) in the study area or increase the concentration of the pyrethoid insecticides used in this study on long lasting nets after their safety to human is assured.
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