Journal of Bioscience and Biotechnology Discovery

JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY DISCOVERY
Integrity Research Journals

ISSN: 2536-7064
Model: Open Access/Peer Reviewed
DOI: 10.31248/JBBD
Start Year: 2016
Email: jbbd@integrityresjournals.org

Submit Manuscript

Growth respond and nutrient utilization of Clarias gariepinus fed bean cake

https://doi.org/10.31248/JBBD2017.038   |   Article Number: 9A45C8EE4   |   Vol.2 (3) - June 2017

Received Date: 01 May 2017   |   Accepted Date: 19 May 2017  |   Published Date: 30 June 2017

Authors:  Chiokwe, G. I. and Solomon, R. J.*

Keywords: growth rate., Bean cake, Clarias gariepinus, coppens, multifeed.

ABSTRACT

How to Cite Article
Full-Text PDF

The study was conducted to assess the effect of bean cake on the growth of Clarias gariepinus. The feed was formulated and fed to Clarias gariepinus for a period of 8 weeks while using Coppens and Multifeed as the controls. Fishes were fed twice daily at 4% body weight/day. There were 12 fishes per experimental tank. The result obtained from the study indicated that the highest growth rate occurred in the fishes fed with coppens and multifeed and the lowest being Bean cake. The analysis of the result done using ANOVA however showed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the mean weight, mean length, food conversion efficiency (FCE) and the survival rates (SR), but showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in the weight gain, length gain, specific growth rate (SGR) and mean growth rate (MGR). Bean cake could be used for the sustenance of Clarias gariepinus but not for optimum growth.

AFP (2004). Inventory of feed producers in Nigeria. Published by aquaculture and inland fisheries project. Annex of the National special programme for food security with the Agriculture development programme in all states and FCT Abuja, Nigeria. p. 118.
 
Akinwole, A. O., & Faturoti, E. O. (2006). Biological performance of African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus) cultural in recirculating system in Ibadan. Aquacultural Engineering, 36, 18-23.
Crossref
 
Akiyama, D. M. (1988). Soybeans meal utilization in fish feed
 
American Public Health Association (1976). Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, 14th Edition. APHA, New York,N.Y. p. 119.
 
Annune, P. A. (1990). Preliminary Investigation on the suitability of toad meal Bufo regulars in the diet of catfish, Clarias lazera, Journal of Aquatic Science. 5, 37-42.
 
Anon (1997). Communication from the commission to the council and the European parliament commission. European commission Brussels. p. 20.
 
Aremu, C. Y. (1990). Proximate and amino acid composition of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata, walp) protein concentrate prepared by isoelectric point precipitation. Food Chemistry, 37(1), 61-68.
Crossref
 
Ayinla, O. A., & Akande, G. R. (1988). Growth response of Clarias gariepinus on silage based diets. Nigeria Institute of Oceanography and Marine Research. Technical Paper, 62, 15.
 
Balogun, A. M., & Faturoti, E. O. (1992). Nutrient utilization and growth responses of Clarias gariepinus with different dietary protein levels. Nigeria Journal of Applied fish Hydrobiology. 1, 41-45.
 
Bene, C., & Heck, S. (2005). Fisheries and the millennium development goals: solutions for Africa. Naga, Worldfish Center Quarterly, 28(3-4), 14-18.
 
Boyd, C. E. (1982). Water quality in pond for aquaculture. Auburn university, Auburn. Pp. 359.
 
Changadeya, W., Malekano, L. B., & Ambali, A. J. D. (2003). Potential of genetics for aquaculture development in Africa. Naga, Worldfish Center Quarterly, 26(3), 31-35.
 
CIFA (1998). A strategic reassessment of fish farming potential in Africa. CIFA Technical paper. 32:1-15.
 
Dada, B. F., & Gnanados D. A. S. (1983). Nigerian fisheries Dev't challenges and opportunity of the 1980s. A paper presented at the 3rd National Conference of fisheries society of Nigeria, Maiduguri. 22nd – 25th. Feb.
 
Dengani, S. K., & Akambo, P. M. (1989). Protein requirement of some African fishes. A paper presented at the 4th annual conference of fisheries society of Nigeria held in lagos, January 15th – 18th 1984. Pp. 1-19.
 
Devendra, C. (1985). Non-conventional feed resources in Asia and the pacific, 2nd edition FAO/APACA. Publication No. 6, Bangkok. Pp. 6-22.
 
Eding, C., & Kamstra, G. (2001). Design and Performance of Recirculation Systems for European eel Anguilla and African catfish Clarias gariepinus in: Proceeding of AES Workshop. Florida, USA, Pp. 18-28.
 
Engel C. R. (1997). Optional resources allocation by fish farmers in Rwanda. Applied Aquaculture. 7, 1-17.
Crossref
 
Eyo, A. A. (1990). Some aspects of utilization of soya bean meal by young mud fish (Clarias anguillaris). Unpublished phD thesis, Ahmadu Bello University Zaria.
 
Falaye, A. E. (1992). Utilization of agro-industrial wastes as fish feed stuff in Nigeria. p. 47-57. In: Eyo, A. A, Balogun, A.M. (eds.). Proceedings of the 10th annual conference of the fisheries society of Nigeria Abeokuta. p. 262.
 
FAO (1996a). Food for All Poor issued on the occasion of the world food summit in Rome. FAO Rome, p. 64.
 
FAO (1996b). Poverty and food security in Africa. Documentation issued on the occasion of the world food summit in Rome. FAO Rome, p. 64.
 
FAO (1997). AFRICOVER, land cover classification. FAO, Rome, p. 64.
 
FAO (2003). Fisheries Statistics.
Link
 
FAO, (1996c). Aquaculture potential in Africa documentation issues on the occasion of the world summit in Rome. Rome FAO, p. 20.
 
Federal ministry of environment (2006). National guideline and standard for water quality in Nigeria. p. 40.
 
Henshaw, F.O. (2008). Varietal differences in physical characteristics and proximate analysis of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata). World journal of agricultural sciences. 4(3), 302-306.
 
Hetch, T. (2000). Consideration on Africa aquaculture. J. world Aquaculture, 31, 12-19.
 
Ita, E. O., Sado, E. K., Balogun, J. K., Pandogari, A., & Ibitoye, B. (1985). A preliminary checklist of inland water bodies in Nigeria with special reference to lakes and reservoirs. Kainji Lake Research Institute, Kainji, Technical Report, p. 14.
 
Jamiu, D. M., & Ayinla O. A. (2003). Potential for the development of aquaculture in Africa NAGA. 26(3), 9-13.
 
Kapetsy, J. M. (1994). A strategic assessment of warm water fish farming potential in Africa. CIFA Technical Paper No. 27. FAO Rome. p. 67.
 
Muir, J. F., Gitonga, N., Omar, I., Pouomogne, V., & Radwan, I. (2005). Hidden harvests: Unlocking the potential of aquaculture in Africa. Technical Review Paper. NEPAD-Fish for All Summit, Pp. 22-25.
 
Singh, B. (2003). Improving the production and utilization of cowpea as food and fodder. Field crops research. 84, 146-150.
Crossref
 
Sterling, H. R. (1985). Chemical and biological methods of water Analysis for Aquaculturists. 1st edition. Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Great Britain. p. 119.
 
Ugwumba, A. A. A., & Ugwumba, A. O. (2003). Aquaculture options and the future of fish supply in Nigeria. The Zoologist, 2(2), 96-122.
Copyright © 2025 Integrity Research Journals. All rights reserved.