JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND VETERINARY MEDICINE
Integrity Research Journals
ISSN: 2536-7099
Model: Open Access/Peer Reviewed
DOI: 10.31248/JASVM
Start Year: 2016
Email: jasvm@integrityresjournals.org
Serological survey and risk factors for Coxiella burnetii infection among Nomadic Cattle in Lanlate, Southwestern Nigeria
https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2024.443 | Article Number: B5ACFA7B4 | Vol.9 (3) - June 2024
Received Date: 22 May 2024 | Accepted Date: 26 June 2024 | Published Date: 30 June 2024
Authors: O. D. Adelakun* , F. A. Akande , O. M. Obisesan and S. I. B. Cadmus
Keywords: seroprevalence., Coxiella burnetti, ELISA, Nomadic cattle, Lanlate
Q-fever, an important tick-borne zoonosis caused by Coxiella burnetii that affects a broad range of animal hosts, including humans. There is limited data on its prevalence in Nigeria particularly among ruminants in southwestern Nigeria. This study therefore evaluated the seroprevalence of C. burnetii antibodies and associated factors among nomadic cattle herds. A cross-sectional study design was adopted and a random selection of cattle was carried out in Lanlate, Oyo State, southwestern Nigeria. Sera were harvested from collected blood of 260 cattle covering 25 cattle herds, these were analyzed using a commercial indirect Enzyme-Linked Immuno-Sorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Results were analysed by a chi-square (χ2) test and predictors of C. burnetii infections were determined using multivariate logistic regression. Of the cattle screened, 9.2% (24/260) at the individual animal level and 24% (6/25) at the herd level were seropositive to C. burnetii. There was an association between seropositivity to C. burnetii antibodies, breed of cattle and herd size. However, only the breed of cattle (OR: 3.1; 95% CI: 2.0 – 4.9) was observed to be predictor of C. burnetii infection. In conclusion, findings from this study confirm exposure to C. burnetii among nomadic cattle herds. It is therefore recommended that awareness of C. burnetii infection be created among pastoralists, they should also be educated on ways to improve hygiene. In addition, there is a need to further characterize the circulating strain of C. burnetti in the studied area.
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