JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Integrity Research Journals

ISSN: 2536-7072
Model: Open Access/Peer Reviewed
DOI: 10.31248/JASP
Start Year: 2016
Email: jasp@integrityresjournals.org


Robotic solutions for precision agriculture

https://doi.org/10.31248/JASP2024.483   |   Article Number: 0A695F6E6   |   Vol.9 (4) - August 2024

Received Date: 02 August 2024   |   Accepted Date: 28 August 2024  |   Published Date: 30 August 2024

Authors:  Funsho Kolapo* , Sheriff Lamidi , Agama Idika , Onyinye Blessing Philip , Kusibu Michael Mba , Kolawole Emmanuel Olayinka , Akunne Austin Uzim , Josiah Ifeoluwa Ojeniran , Oluwatoyin Lydia Dada and Moses Sodiq Sobajo

Keywords: sustainability, Improve productivity, robotic system, modern agriculture, precision agriculture

The robotic system is a key component in modern agriculture. The article aims to expand robotic solutions for precision agriculture and improve productivity, resource utilization, decision-making, sustainability, and farmworker safety. It aims to automate repetitive tasks, gather real-time data, promote sustainable practices, and reduce risks for farmworkers. They offer numerous potential solutions to issues related to the growing global population, changing demographics, and economic status. This article investigates how robotic systems can be significant to precision agriculture. Traditional farming is facing issues such as climate change, resource depletion, labour shortage, etc. The use of robotic systems makes precision agriculture achievable and it provides a sustainable solution. This study examined the importance of robotics in agricultural processes such as planting, seeding, weeding, and harvesting. The potential benefits of robotic solutions, such as increased efficiency, reduced labour costs, and improved crop yield, are explored. The article identifies key challenges and opportunities associated with robotic implementation in agriculture.  The research aids in creative effective agriculture techniques by imaging the future use of robotics in agriculture.

Afrimash (2023). What is precision agriculture? Retrieved from https://afrimash.com/precision-agriculture-diving-into-future-of-farming.
 
Ajami, R. A., & Karimi, H. A. (2023). Artificial intelligence: Opportunities and challenges. Journal of Asia-Pacific Business, 24(2), 73-75.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10599231.2023.2210239
 
Association of Equipment Manufacturers (2024). The environmental benefits of precision agriculture quantified. https://www.aem.org/news/the-environmental-benefits-of-precision-agriculture-quantified
 
Basri, R., Islam, F., Shorif, S. B., & Uddin, M. S. (2021). Robots and drones in agriculture-A survey. In: Computer vision and machine learning in agriculture (pp. 9-29). Springer.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-6424-0_2
 
Bazargani, K., & Deemyad, T. (2024). Automation's impact on agriculture: opportunities, challenges, and economic effects. Robotics, 13(2), 33.
https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics13020033
 
Bello, S. K., Bajela, G. G., Lamidi, S. B., Bello A. B. (2020). Sustainable framework for implementing robotics in developing economy: Prospects and constraints. Global Science Journals, 8(10), 948-959.
 
Bernier, C. (2023). Harvesting robots: Automated farming in 2023. Robotics and Market Insights. Retrieved from https://howtorobot.com/expert-insight/harvesting-robots.
 
Bose, P. (2013). Precision agriculture robotics. AZO Robotics. https://www.azorobotics.com/Article.aspx?ArticleID=113.
 
Botta, A., Cavallone, P., Baglieri, L., Colucci, G., Tagliavini, L., & Quaglia, G. (2022). A review of robots, perception, and tasks in precision agriculture. Applied Mechanics, 3(3), 830-854.
https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech3030049
 
Brazeau, M (2018). Fighting weeds: Can be reduce, or elimate, herbicides by ultilizing robotics and AI. Genetic Literacy Project: Science Not Ideology. Retrieved from https://geneticliteracyproject.org/2018/12/12/fighting-weeds-can-we-reduce-or-even-eliminate-herbicide-use-through-robotics-and-ai/.
 
Carvalho, J. P., Silva, M. F., & Rocha, S. (2023). Advances in robotic systems for automated planting and harvesting. Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 31(2), 215-228.
 
Dikshita, J. (n.d). Advantages and Disadvantages of Robots. EDUCBA. https://www.educba.com/advantages-and-disadvantages-of-robots/
 
Emmanuel, K., Ridwanullah, A., Ayomide, A., Funsho, K., Mercy, A., & Stephen, A. (2023). Automation in agricultural and biosystems engineering. Journal of Engineering Research and Reports, 25(7), 57-65.
https://doi.org/10.9734/jerr/2023/v25i7938
 
Fahmida, I, Uddin, M. S., & Bansal, J. C. (2022). Harvesting robots for smart agriculture. In Smart Agriculture Technologies (pp. 1-13). Springer.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-9991-7_1
 
Fan, A., Wu, L., Miao, L., & Mattila, A. S. (2020). When does technology anthropomorphism help alleviate customer dissatisfaction after a service failure? The moderating role of consumer technology self-efficacy and interdependent self-construal. Journal of Hospitality Marketing and Management, 29(3), 269-290.
https://doi.org/10.1080/19368623.2019.1639095
 
Floyd, B. (1969). Shortcomings of traditional agriculture and the need for innovations. In: Eastern Nigeria. Palgrave Macmillan, London. pp. 196-210.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-00666-3_11
 
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2020). Agriculture 4.0: Agricultural robotics and automated equipment for sustainable crop production. FAO. Retrieved from https://openknowledge.fao.org/server/api/core/bitstreams/14fc8bf7-fdeb-4c7c-a2ed-b2d59118a70b/content
 
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2022). The state of food and agriculture 2022: Understanding the past and looking towards the future of agricultural automation. FAO.
 
Gofman, M., & Jin, Z. (2024). Artificial intelligence, education, and entrepreneurship. The Journal of Finance, 79(1), 631-667.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jofi.13302
 
Hajjaj, S. S. H., & Sahari, K. S. M. (2016). Review of agriculture robotics: Practicality and feasibility. In 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Intelligent Sensors (IRIS) (pp. 194-198). IEEE.
https://doi.org/10.1109/IRIS.2016.8066090
 
Hajjaj, S. S. H., & Sahari, K. S. M. (2016). Review of agriculture robotics: Practicality and feasibility. 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Intelligent Sensors (IRIS). Pp. 194-198. https://doi.org/10.1109/IRIS.2016.8066090
https://doi.org/10.1109/IRIS.2016.8066090
 
Hamadani, H., Rashid, S. M., Parrah, J. D., Khan, A. A., Dar, K. A., & Ganie, A. A. (2021). Traditional farming practices and its consequences. In: Dar, G. H., Bhat, R. A., Mehmood, M. A., Hakeem, K. R. (eds.). Microbiota and biofertilizers (vol 2, pp. 119-128). Springer, Cham.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61010-4_6
 
Jakhwal, R., Singh, S., & Chaudhary, D. (2024). Training and pruning of horticulture crops. Modern trends in horticulture. Golden Leaf Publishers. Pp. 67-96. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/377572188_Training_and_Pruning_of_Horticultural_Crops
 
Jones, A., & Smith, R. (2022). Enhancing livestock management with robotic systems. Animal Science Journal, 45(6), 789-802.
 
Jordon, J. A. (2017). Agricultural drones use technology for spraying, mapping, pest control, seeding, remote sensing, and precision agriculture. Retrieved from https://www.linkedin.com/ pulse/agricultural-drones-market-used-technology-sensing-precision-shorey.
 
Khadatkar, A., Mehta, C. R., & Sawant, C. P. (2022). Application of robotics in changing the future of agriculture. Journal of Eco-Friendly Agriculture, 17(1), 48-51.
https://doi.org/10.5958/2582-2683.2022.00010.7
 
Krishna (2024). The role of robotics in precision agriculture: A future of farming. Medium. Retrieved from https://medium.com/@codebykrishna/the-role-of-robotics-in-precision-agriculture-a-future-of-farming-0ddb16554b77.
 
Lee, H., Kim, J., & Park, Y. (2023). Robotic feeding systems and their impact on livestock productivity. Journal of Agricultural Robotics and Automation, 29(1), 95-110.
 
Lopez, A., Martinez, R., & Garcia, J. (2023). Innovations in soil sampling robots for agricultural applications. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 87(4), 1200-1215.
 
Lough, D. (2016). International pest control. CEPA, 57(6), 300-350. https://irtotrio.hu/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/IPC-Nov-Dec2015-final-lores.pdf#page=18
 
Mahmud, M. S. A., Mohamad Shukri Zainal Abidin, A. A. E., & Hasan, S. (2020). Robotics and automation in agriculture: Present and future applications. Applications of Modeling and Simulation, 4, 140-150.
 
Mariani, M. M., Machado, I., Magrelli, V., & Dwivedi, Y. K. (2023). Artificial intelligence in innovation research: A systematic review, conceptual framework, and future research directions. Technovation, 122, 102623.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.technovation.2022.102623
 
Markets and Markets (2023). Agriculture Robots Market by Type (Unmanned Vrchicles/Drones, Milking robots, Driverless Tractors, Automated Harvesting Systems) Farming Environment (Indoor and Outdoor), End use Application and Region -Global Forecast to 202. Agricultutre Robots Market. Retrieved from https://www.marketsandmarkets.com/Market-Reports/agricultural-robot-market-173601759.html#:~:text=A typical fruit picking harvesting,of asking for full payment.
 
McCullough, C. (2023). Huge appetite for agric robots boosts more development worldwide. Direct Industry/Emacy. Retrieved from https://emag.directindustry.com/2023/02/23/ huge-appetite-for-agri-robots-boosts-more-development-worldwide/.
 
Mitchell, R (n.d.). Advantages and disadvantages of robots. Future Learn. Retrieved from https://www.futurelearn.com/info/ courses/begin-robotics/0/steps/2845?__cf_chl_tk=g0P1Gnc9iy2aQGt.Ze4JBEb.1MFZJQlZh2zo4aXFX9Y-1721650571-0.0.1.1-4244.
 
Moundekar, D., Nakhate, P., Ghosh, S., & Kasetwar, A. R. (2020). Agricultural Robot (Agribot): A Future of Agriculture. Agriculture International, 6(04), 06-10.
 
Mwangi, W. (2023). The main advantages of using agricultural robotics. Alibaba.com. Retrieved from https://reads.alibaba. com/the-main-advantages-of-using-agricultural-robots/
 
Pawlak, K., & Kołodziejczak, M. (2020). The role of agriculture in ensuring food security in developing countries: Considerations in the context of the problem of sustainable food production. Sustainability, 12(13), 5488.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su12135488
 
Pedersen, K., Skall, H. F., Lassen‐Nielsen, A. M., Nielsen, T. F., Henriksen, N. H., & Olesen, N. J. (2008). Surveillance of health status on eight marine rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), farms in Denmark in 2006. Journal of fish diseases, 31(9), 659-667.
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2008.00941.x
 
Plant Engineering (2024). Benefits of using robots in agriculture. Retrieved from https://www.plantengineering.com/articles/ benefits-of-using-robots-in-agriculture/
 
Praburaj, L. (2018). Role of agriculture in the economic development of a country. Zenodo. Retrieved from https://zenodo.org/record/1414916
 
Royal, F. (2024). Robotics in agriculture: Challenges and opportunity for net-zero. Medium. Retrieved from https://medium.com/@femiroyale/robotics-in-agriculture-challenges-and-opportunities-for-net-zero-1ae2c37230d4
 
SCISPACE (n.d.). What are the challenges of traditional farming? https://scispace.com/challenges-of-traditional-farming.
 
Sofge, D. A., Potter, M. A., Bugajska, M. D., Schultz, A. C. (2003). Challenges and opportunities of evolutionary robotics. In: Proceeding of 2nd International Conference on Computational Intelligence, Robotics, and Autonomous Systems. Retrieved from https://arxiv.org/abs/0706.0457
 
Soori, M., Arezoo, B., & Dastres, R. (2023). Artificial intelligence, machine learning and deep learning in advanced robotics, a review. Cognitive Robotics, 3, 54-70.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cogr.2023.04.001
 
Stanford University (n.d.). Robotics: A brief history. https://cs.stanford.edu/people/eroberts/courses/soco/projects/1998-99/robotics/history.html.
 
Taylor, J. A. (2023). Precision agriculture. In Encyclopedia of Soils in the Environment (pp. 710-725). Elsevier. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822974-3.00261-5.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-822974-3.00261-5
 
UKEssays (2019). A problem statement of robotics: Technologies information technology. Retrieved from https://www.ukessays. com/essays/information-technology/a-problem-statement-of-robotics-technologies-information-technology-essay.php#:~:text=The%20problems%20faced%20by%20robotic,a%20robot%20and%20its%20functioning.
 
Umam, M. U. K., Budiyanto, C., & Rahmawati, A. (2019). Literature review of robotics learning devices to facilitate the development of computational thinking in early childhood. AIP Conference Proceedings, 2194, 020133.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5139865
 
Vamshidar Reddy, N., Vishnu Vardhan Reddy, A. V., & Pranavadithya, J. J. (2016). A critical review on agricultural robotics. International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology, 7(4), 183-188.
 
Vaucanson, J. de. (2024). Automation. Encyclopædia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/technology/automation/Feedback-controls
 
Wang, L., & Liu, M. (2020). Path tracking control for autonomous harvesting robots based on improved double arc path planning algorithm. Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems, 100(3), 899-909.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-020-01257-2
 
Wang, Q., Li, S., & Zhang, X. (2023). Soil and crop monitoring using agricultural robots: A review. Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 334, 113103.
 
Wu, X., Aravecchia, S., Lottes, P., Stachniss, C., & Pradalier, C. (2020). Robotic weed control using automated weed and crop classification. Journal of Field Robotics, 37(2), 322-340.
https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.21938
 
Yadav, V. K., Gaur, V., & Singh, I. V. (2020). Effect of post-weld heat treatment on mechanical properties and fatigue crack growth rate in welded AA-2024. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 779, 139116.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2020.139116
 
Yang, F., Zhao, X., & Zhang, H. (2022). Development of robotic weeders for precision agriculture. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 193, 106654.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2021.106654
 
Yang, X., Liu, Q., & Sun, S. (2023). Robotic harvesters: Advances and applications in fruit and vegetable picking. International Journal of Agricultural Robotics, 20(2), 201-215.
 
Yerebakan, M. O., & Hu, B. (2024). Human-robot collaboration in modern agriculture: A review of the current research landscape. Advanced Intelligent Systems, 6(7), 2300823.
https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202300823
 
You, A., Parayil, N., Krishna, J. G., Bhattarai, U., Sapkota, R., Ahmed, D., Whiting, M., Karkee, M., Grimm, C. M., & Davidson, J. R. (2024). An autonomous robot for pruning modern, planar fruit trees. Accessibility Forum. Retrieved from https://arxiv.org/abs/2206.07201.
 
Zhang, C., & Kovacs, J. M. (2012). The application of small unmanned aerial systems for precision agriculture: A review. Precision Agriculture, 13, 693-712.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11119-012-9274-5
 
Zhang, L., Wu, Y., & Li, Z. (2022). Precision farming technologies and their impact on crop production. Agricultural Systems, 189, 103179.
 
Zheng, B., You, C., Mei, W., & Zhang, R. (2022). A survey on channel estimation and practical passive beamforming design for intelligent reflecting surface aided wireless communications. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, 24(2), 1035-1071.
https://doi.org/10.1109/COMST.2022.3155305