GLOBAL JOURNAL OF FISHERIES SCIENCE
Integrity Research Journals
ISSN: 2782-750X
Model: Open Access/Peer Reviewed
DOI: 10.31248/GJFS
Start Year: 2018
Email: gjfs@integrityresjournals.org
Use of salt as a disinfectant in the treatments of bacteria found in eggs of cultured Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
https://doi.org/10.31248/GJFS2024.067 | Article Number: 72881F842 | Vol.7 (1) - February 2025
Received Date: 22 December 2024 | Accepted Date: 03 February 2025 | Published Date: 28 February 2025
Authors: F. A. Awe* , E. A. Omogunwa , O. A. Olanloye and O. M. Ogunbanwo
Keywords: molecular characterization, Ogun State., Abeokuta, broodstock eggs, cultured catfish, salt.
Egg disinfection is considered the most important routine work in hatcheries to avoid bacterial infection of fish eggs. This study assessed the use of sodium chloride (common salt) in the treatment of fish pathogens isolated from the eggs of Clarias gariepinus. Nine brood stocks of Clarias gariepinus were used. Their eggs were collected and taken to the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Nigeria for culturing, microbial analysis, DNA extraction of bacteria from the nutrient broth, and amplicon testing for molecular characterization. Bio-edit software was used for importing and mining nucleotide sequences into the gene bank. The molecular examination of Clarias gariepinus eggs showed the presence of four bacterial organisms namely: Staphylococcus succinus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus subtilis, and Klebsiella pneumonia. Prior to common salt treatment, Staphylococcus succinus was the most predominant bacterial species isolated from the eggs of the fish sample with 84.88% similarity, Staphylococcus epidermidis followed closely with 81.66%. After the use of common salt, only Bacillus species and Klebsiella pneumonia were detected, with a similarity of 98.08% and 82.67%, respectively. Therefore, the common salt contributed immensely towards reducing the microbes and their nucleic acid contents in the fish eggs.
| Adelakun, K. M., Oguniwin, D. I., Ajagbe, S.O. & Ijagbeni, A. B. (2012). Sustainable Aquaculture Practise: A Profitable Venture in Nigeria. In: Handzic, M., Subasi, A. & Goksu, A. (eds), Green Information Technologies and Strategies. Proceedings of the 3rd International Symposium on Sustainable Development, ISSD 2012, May 31 - June 01 2012, Sarajevo. Vol. 3 Part 1, 265-272. | ||||
| Akinyemi, K. O., Atapu, A. D., Adetona, O. O., & Coker, A. O. (2009). The potential role of mobile phones in the spread of bacterial infections. The Journal of Infection in Developing Countries, 3(8), 628-632. https://doi.org/10.3855/jidc.556 |
||||
| Anetekhai, M. A. (2017). Catfish aquaculture industry assessment in Nigeria. A Technical Report By AU-IBAR. | ||||
| Atienzar, F. A., & Jha, A. N. (2006). The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay and related techniques applied to genotoxicity and carcinogenesis studies: a critical review. Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research, 613(2-3), 76102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mrrev.2006.06.001 |
||||
| Austin, M. (2007). Species distribution models and ecological theory: a critical assessment and some possible new approaches. Ecological Modelling, 200(1-2), 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.07.005 |
||||
| Awe, F. A. (2019). Evaluation of bacteria isolated from African catfish Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) and treatment with selected plant extracts. PhD Fish Pathology Thesis. Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria. 455p. | ||||
| Awe, F. A., Hammed, A. M., & Olarinmoye, O. M. (2021). Isolated and characterization of bacteria isolated from sub-Adult African mud- catfish Clarias gariepinus from selected fish farms in Ogun State, Nigeria. Journal of Fisheries International, 16(1), 1-8. | ||||
| Awe, F. A., Hammed, A. M., Adeboyejo, O. A., Whenu, O. O., Olarinmoye, O. M., Mekuleyi, G. O., & Olanloye, O. A. (2022). Isolation and identification of bacteria found in the milt of cultured Clarias gariepinus. Journal of Fisheries Science, 4, 2-15. https://doi.org/10.30564/jfsr.v4i2.4418 |
||||
| Bart, A. N., Prasad, B., & Thakur, D. P. (2013) Effects of incubation water hardness and salinity on egg hatch and fry survival of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus). Aquaculture Research, 44, 1085-1092. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2012.03113.x |
||||
| Bromage, N., Jones, J., Randall, C., Thrush, M., Davies, B., Springate, J., & Barker, G. (1992). Broodstock management, fecundity, egg quality and the timing of egg production in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture, 100(1-3), 141-166. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(92)90355-O |
||||
| Çoban, D., Kamacı, H. O., Süzer, C., Yıldırım, Ş., Arda, G., Korkut, A. Y., & Fırat, K. (2011). Effect of some morphometric characteristics on egg quality in common Dentex, Dentexdentex (Linnaeus, 1758). Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 11(3), 425-431. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v11_3_13 |
||||
| Francis-Floyd R (1995). The use of salt in aquaculture. Florida Co-operative Extension Service, Fact Sheet VM 86, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, USA. | ||||
| Gennari, M., & Stegagno, F. (1986). Isolation and characterization of Acinetobacter from raw, washed and frozen vegetables. Archivio Veterinario Italiano, 37(3), 131-137. | ||||
| Johnson, D. B., Rolfe, S., Hallberg, K. B., & Iversen, E. (2001). Isolation and phylogenet characterization of acidophilic microorganisms indigenous to acidic drainage waters at an abandoned Norwegian copper mine. Environmental Microbiology, 3(10), 630-637. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1462-2920.2001.00234.x |
||||
| Nissling, A., & Dahlman, G. (2010). Fecundity of flounder, Pleuronectes flesus, in the Baltic Sea-reproductive strategies in two sympatric populations. Journal of Sea Research, 64(3), 190-198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2010.02.001 |
||||
| Omeje, J. E., Sule, A. M., & Aguihe, E. O. (2020). An assessment of aquaculture table-size fish farmers activities in Kainji Lake Basin, Nigeria. Agro-Science, 19(2), 36-40. https://doi.org/10.4314/as.v19i2.6 |
||||
| Phillips, A. J., Anderson, V. L., Robertson, E. J., Secombes, C. J., & Van West, P. (2008). New insights into animal pathogenic oomycetes. Trends in Microbiology, 16(1), 13-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tim.2007.10.013 |
||||
| Policar, T., Smyth, J., Flanigan, M., Kouba, A., & Kozák, P. (2011). Sodium chloride as effective antifungal treatment for artificial egg incubation in Austropotamobius pallipes. Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, 401, 13. https://doi.org/10.1051/kmae/2011027 |
||||
| Rahman, A. N. A., ElHady, M., & Shalaby, S. I. (2019). Efficacy of the dehydrated lemon peels on the immunity, enzymatic antioxidant capacity and growth of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Aquaculture, 505, 92-97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aquaculture.2019.02.051 |
||||
| Rombough, P. J. (1988) Respiratory gas exchange, aerobic metabolism, and effects of hypoxia during early life. In: Hoar, W. S., Randall, D. J. (eds) Fish physiology, Vol 11. The physiology of developing fish. Part A, Eggs and larvae. Academic Press, San Diego, CA. Pp. 59-161. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1546-5098(08)60199-5 |
||||
| Sarkheil, M., Rafiee, G., Amiri, B. M., & Farhangi, M. (2014) Effect of different concentrations of waterborne sodium on the hatching rate and ions content of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Eggs. Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 14, 59-65. https://doi.org/10.4194/1303-2712-v14_1_08 |
||||
| Touchon, M., Hoede, C., Tenaillon, O., Barbe, V., Baeriswyl, S., Bidet, P., ... & Denamur, E. (2009). Organised genome dynamics in the Escherichia coli species results in highly diverse adaptive paths. PLoS genetics, 5(1), e1000344. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1000344 |
||||
| Van West, P. (2006). Saprolegnia parasitica, an oomycete pathogen with a fishy appetite: new challenges for an old problem. Mycologist, 20(3), 99-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mycol.2006.06.004 |
||||
Copyright © 2025 Integrity Research Journals. All rights reserved.