JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND VETERINARY MEDICINE
Integrity Research Journals
ISSN: 2536-7099
Model: Open Access/Peer Reviewed
DOI: 10.31248/JASVM
Start Year: 2016
Email: jasvm@integrityresjournals.org
Effect of multi-enzyme complex and feed form on growth performance, slaughter characteristic, total tract nutrient digestibility, and energy utilization in broiler chickens
https://doi.org/10.31248/JASVM2022.354 | Article Number: A3C834EF5 | Vol.7 (6) - December 2022
Received Date: 21 November 2022 | Accepted Date: 23 December 2022 | Published Date: 30 December 2022
Authors: Hasan Hüseyin İpçak* , Paul W. Cardozo , Muzaffer Denli and Saul Jose Escobero
Keywords: Broilers, performance., digestibility, multi-enzyme, feed form, AMEn
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation of exogenous multi-enzyme complex and feed form on growth performance, slaughter characteristics, nutrient digestibility, phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca), and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn) utilization in broilers fed corn–soybean meal diets. A total of 312 male one day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were allocated to 6 dietary treatment groups with 13 replicates (4 birds each) in a 2×3 factorial arrangement of treatments in a randomized design, which includes mash (M) or pellet (P) diets supplemented with three levels of a multi-enzyme complex (0, 125, or 175 mg/kg) for 42 days. The results indicated that the addition of 175 mg/kg multi-enzyme complex to pelleted feeds (P175) significantly increased (p<0.05) the body weight and feed intake of the broilers during the grower period. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) was significantly improved (p<0.05) by adding the multi-enzyme complex to the pelleted feeds. The feed form * multi-enzyme interaction was significant on d0-21 for BW and FI and all three periods in FCR (p<0.05). Mash feed decreased the European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF) ratio compared to that of the pelleted feed, and it was observed that EPEF increased (p<0.05) linearly with an increase in the multi-enzyme complex added to both the mash and pelleted feeds. Although there was no difference among the groups regarding the carcass yield and relative organ weights, the gizzard weight increased significantly in chickens fed with mash feeds (p<0.05). In addition, the difference between treatment groups in terms of total tract nutrient digestibility does not differ (p>0.05) significantly, while the highest (p<0.05) AMEn utilization was found in the P175 group. As a result, the pelleted feed form and the increased level of multi-enzyme supplementation improved the performance and efficiency of broiler production.
| Adeola, O., Ragland, D., & King, D. (1997). Feeding and excreta collection techniques in metabolizable energy assays for ducks. Poultry Science, 76(5), 728-732. Crossref |
||||
| Ahmed, M. E., & Abbas, T. E. (2013). The effect of feeding pellets versus mash on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chicks. Bulletin of Environment, Pharmacology and Life Science, 2(2), 31-34. | ||||
| Alam, M. J., Howlider, M. A. R., Pramanik, M. A. H., & Haque, M. A. (2003). Effect of exogenous enzyme in diet on broiler performance. International Journal of Poultry Science, 2(2), 168-173. Crossref |
||||
| Al-Nasrawi, M. A. M. (2016). The impact of different dietary forms (mash, crumble and pellets) on some growth traits and carcass characteristics of broilers. Journal of Animal Health and Production, 4(2), 31-36. Crossref |
||||
| Alqhtani, A. H., Al Sulaiman, A. R., Alharthi, A. S., & Abudabos, A. M. (2022). Effect of exogenous enzymes cocktail on performance, carcass traits, biochemical metabolites, intestinal morphology, and nutrient digestibility of broilers fed normal and low-energy corn-soybean diets. Animals, 12(9), 1094. Crossref |
||||
| AOAC International (2005). AOAC International Official Methods of Analysis. 18th ed. AOAC Int., Washington, DC. | ||||
| Attia, Y. A., Al-Khalaifah, H., Abd El-Hamid, H. S., Al-Harthi, M. A., & El-Shafey, A. A. (2020). Effect of different levels of multi-enzymes on immune response, blood hematology and biochemistry, antioxidants status and organs histology of broiler chicks fed standard and low-density diets. Frontiers in Veterinary Science, 6, 510. Crossref |
||||
| Austin, S. C., Wiseman, J., & Chesson, A. (1999). Influence of non-starch polysaccharides structure on the metabolisable energy of UK wheat fed to poultry. Journal of cereal science, 29(1), 77-88. Crossref |
||||
| Aviagen, W. (2014). Ross 308 broiler nutrition specifications. Aviagen: Huntsville, AL, USA. | ||||
| Barasch, I. B., & Grimes, J. L. (2021). The effect of a heat-stable xylanase on digesta viscosity, apparent metabolizable energy and growth performance of broiler chicks fed a wheat-based diet. Poultry Science, 100(9), 101275. Crossref |
||||
| Bedford, M. R. (2000). Exogenous enzymes in monogastric nutrition-their current value and future benefits. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 86(1-2), 1-13. Crossref |
||||
| Bulgurlu, Ş., & Ergul, M. (1978). Physical, chemical and biological analysis methods of feeds. Agricultural Faculty of Ege University Publish No: 127, Bornova-Izmir. Turkish with English abstract. | ||||
| Chewning, C. G., Stark, C. R., & Brake, J. (2012). Effects of particle size and feed form on broiler performance. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 21(4), 830-837. Crossref |
||||
| Denstadli, V., Ballance, S., Knutsen, S. H., Westereng, B., & Svihus, B. (2010). Influence of graded levels of brewers dried grains on pellet quality and performance in broiler chickens. Poultry Science, 89(12), 2640-2645. Crossref |
||||
| Dersjant-Li, Y., Van De Belt, K., Van der Klis, J. D., Kettunen, H., Rinttilä, T., & Awati, A. (2015). Effect of multi-enzymes in combination with a direct-fed microbial on performance and welfare parameters in broilers under commercial production settings. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 24(1), 80-90. Crossref |
||||
| Dozier III, W. A., Behnke, K. C., Gehring, C. K., & Branton, S. L. (2010). Effects of feed form on growth performance and processing yields of broiler chickens during a 42-day production period. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 19(3), 219-226. Crossref |
||||
| Hajati, H. (2010). Effects of enzyme supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics, carcass composition and some blood parameters of broiler chicken. American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, 5(3), 221-227. Crossref |
||||
| Hajati, H., Rezaei, M., & Sayyahzadeh, H. (2009). The effects of enzyme supplementation on performance, carcass characteristics and some blood parameters of broilers fed on corn-soybean meal-wheat diets. International Journal of Poultry Science, 8(12), 1199-1205. Crossref |
||||
| Huff, G. R., Huff, W. E., Jalukar, S., Oppy, J., Rath, N. C., & Packialakshmi, B. (2013). The effects of yeast feed supplementation on turkey performance and pathogen colonization in a transport stress/Escherichia coli challenge. Poultry science, 92(3), 655-662. Crossref |
||||
| Hussein, E. O. S., Suliman, G. M., Alowaimer, A. N., Ahmed, S. H., Abd El-Hack, M. E., Taha, A. E., & Swelum, A. A. (2020). Growth, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of broilers fed a low-energy diet supplemented with a multi-enzyme preparation. Poultry science, 99(4), 1988-1994. Crossref |
||||
| Jafarnejad, S., Farkhoy, M., Sadegh, M., & Bahonar, A. R. (2010). Effect of crumble-pellet and mash diets with different levels of dietary protein and energy on the performance of broilers at the end of the third week. Veterinary medicine international. Crossref |
||||
| Jensen, L. S., Merrill, L. H., Reddy, C. V., & McGinnis, J. (1962). Observations on eating patterns and rate of food passage of birds fed pelleted and unpelleted diets. Poultry Science, 41(5), 1414-1419. Crossref |
||||
| Johnson, L. A., Deep, A., & Classen, H. (2014). Digestibility and performance responses of broiler chickens fed a pea based diet with different levels of dietary microbial phytase. University of Saskatchewan Undergraduate Research Journal, 1(1), 39-44. Crossref |
||||
| Józefiak, D., Rutkowski, A., & Martin, S. A. (2004). Carbohydrate fermentation in the avian ceca: a review. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 113(1-4), 1-15. Crossref |
||||
| Kong, C., & Adeola, O. (2014). Evaluation of amino acid and energy utilization in feedstuff for swine and poultry diets. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 27(7), 917- 925. Crossref |
||||
| Lázaro, R., Latorre, M. A., Medel, P., Gracia, M., & Mateos, G. G. (2004). Feeding regimen and enzyme supplementation to rye-based diets for broilers. Poultry Science, 83(2), 152-160. Crossref |
||||
| Lee, S. Y., Kim, J. S., Kim, J. M., An, B. K., & Kang, C. W. (2010). Effects of multiple enzyme (Rovabio® Max) containing carbohydrolases and phytase on growth performance and intestinal viscosity in broiler chicks fed corn-wheat-soybean meal based diets. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 23(9), 1198-1204. Crossref |
||||
| Lv, M., Yan, L., Wang, Z., An, S., Wu, M., & Lv, Z. (2015). Effects of feed form and feed particle size on growth performance, carcass characteristics and digestive tract development of broilers. Animal Nutrition, 1(3), 252-256. Crossref |
||||
| Marquardt, R. R. (1983). A simple spectrophotometric method for the direct determination of uric acid in avian excreta. Poultry Science, 62(10), 2106-2108. Crossref |
||||
| Mitchell, M. A., & Smith, M. W. (1991). The effects of genetic selection for increased growth rate on mucosal and muscle weights in the different regions of the small intestine of the domestic fowl (Gallus domesticus). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Physiology, 99(1-2), 251-258. Crossref |
||||
| Mohammadigheisar, M., Shouldice, V. L., Torrey, S., Widowski, T. M., Ward, N. E., & Kiarie, E. G. (2021). Growth performance, organ attributes, nutrient and caloric utilization in broiler chickens differing in growth rates when fed a corn-soybean meal diet with multi-enzyme supplement containing phytase, protease and fiber degrading enzymes. Poultry Science, 100(9), 101362. Crossref |
||||
| Mohammed, A. A., Habib, A. B., Eltrefi, A. M., Abu Shulukh, E. S. & Abubaker, A. A. (2018). Effect of different levels of multi-enzymes (Natuzyme Plus®) on growth performance, carcass traits and meat quality of broiler chicken. Asian Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances,13, 61-66. Crossref |
||||
| Munyaka, P. M., Nandha, N. K., Kiarie, E., Nyachoti, C. M., & Khafipour, E. (2016). Impact of combined β-glucanase and xylanase enzymes on growth performance, nutrients utilization and gut microbiota in broiler chickens fed corn or wheat-based diets. Poultry Science, 95(3), 528-540. Crossref |
||||
| Murugan, M., & Ragavan, A. (2017). Broiler performance efficiency factor (bpef) in commercial broiler production facilities with special reference to climate. Indian Veterinary Journal, 94(03), 11-14. | ||||
| Nahas, J., & Lefrancois, M. R. (2001). Effects of feeding locally grown whole barley with or without enzyme addition and whole wheat on broiler performance and carcass traits. Poultry Science, 80(2), 195-202. Crossref |
||||
| Naumann, C., & Bassler, R. (1993). Chemical analyses of feedstuff. VDLUFA-Press. Darmstadt, Germany. | ||||
| Nkukwana, T. T., Muchenje, V., Pieterse, E., Masika, P. J., Mabusela, T. P., Hoffman, L. C., & Dzama, K. (2014). Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf meal on growth performance, apparent digestibility, digestive organ size and carcass yield in broiler chickens. Livestock Science, 161, 139-146. Crossref |
||||
| NRC (1994). National Research Council. Nutrient requirements of poultry: Ninth revised edition. | ||||
| Oliaei, A. H., Palizdar, M. H., & Tabrizi, H. M. (2016). Inclusion a multi-enzyme (Natuzyme plus) in broiler chicken diets containing high canola meal. Global Veterinaria, 16(1), 18-25. | ||||
| Peng, Y. L., Guo, Y. M., & Yuan, J. M. (2003). Effects of microbial phytase replacing partial inorganic phosphorus supplementation and xylanase on the growth performance and nutrient digestibility in broilers fed wheat-based diets. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 16(2), 239-247. Crossref |
||||
| Santos, F. R., Hruby, M., Pierson, E. E. M., Remus, J. C., & Sakomura, N. K. (2008). Effect of phytase supplementation in diets on nutrient digestibility and performance in broiler chicks. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 17(2), 191-201. Crossref |
||||
| Scheideler, S. E., Beck, M. M., Abudabos, A., & Wyatt, C. L. (2005). Multiple-enzyme (Avizyme) supplementation of corn-soy-based layer diets. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 14(1), 77-86. Crossref |
||||
| Shabani, S., Seidavi, A., Asadpour, L., & Corazzin, M. (2015). Effects of physical form of diet and intensity and duration of feed restriction on the growth performance, blood variables, microbial flora, immunity, and carcass and organ characteristics of broiler chickens. Livestock Science, 180, 150-157. Crossref |
||||
| Sibbald, I. R. (1988). Metabolisable energy evaluation of poultry diets, recent development in poultry. Nutrition, Butterworths, Borough Green. Sevenoaks Kent TN 15 8PH, England. Pp. 12-26. Crossref |
||||
| Singh, G., Verma, A. K., & Kumar, V. (2016). Catalytic properties, functional attributes and industrial applications of β-glucosidases. 3 Biotech, 6(1), 1-14. Crossref |
||||
| Singh, M., Lim, A. J., Muir, W. I., & Groves, P. J. (2021). Comparison of performance and carcass composition of a novel slow-growing crossbred broiler with fast-growing broiler for chicken meat in Australia. Poultry Science, 100(3), 100966. Crossref |
||||
| SPSS (2013). Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. PASW Statistics for Windows, Version 22.0. Chicago: SPSS Inc. | ||||
| Stefanello, C., Vieira, S. L., Santiago, G. O., Kindlein, L., Sorbara, J. O. B., & Cowieson, A. J. (2015). Starch digestibility, energy utilization, and growth performance of broilers fed corn-soybean basal diets supplemented with enzymes. Poultry Science, 94(10), 2472-2479. Crossref |
||||
| Taheri, H. R., & Shirzadegan, K. (2017). Multiple-enzyme supplementation on digestive traits, carcass characteristics, blood lipid parameters and growth performance of broilers fed a wheat-based diet. Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, 30(9), 1285-1291. Crossref |
||||
| Torres, T. R., Do Ludke, M., Ludke, J. V., Dos Santos, M. J. B., Lima, M. R., & Dos Santos, P. A. (2013). Performance of broilers fed during 21 days on mash or pellet diets containing whole or ground pearl millet grain. Brazilian Journal of Poultry Science, 15, 371-378. Crossref |
||||
| TSI (1994). Turkish Standards Institution. Animal feeds- determination of metabolizable energy (Chemical method). TSI No: 9610. | ||||
| Waititu, S. M., Rogiewicz, A., Slominski, B. A., Maina, J. G., Ochanda, J. O., & Nyachoti, C. M. (2014). Effect of multi-enzyme mixtures on performance and nutrient utilization in broilers fed diets containing different types of cereals and industrial by-products. The Journal of Poultry Science, 51(4), 402-410. Crossref |
||||
| Walters, H. G., Coelho, M., Coufal, C. D., & Lee, J. T. (2019). Effects of increasing phytase inclusion levels on broiler performance, nutrient digestibility, and bone mineralization in low-phosphorus diets. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 28(4), 1210-1225. Crossref |
||||
| Yu, B., & Chung, T. K. (2004). Effects of multiple-enzyme mixtures on growth performance of broilers fed corn-soybean meal diets. Journal of Applied Poultry Research, 13(2), 178-182. Crossref |
||||
| Zakaria, H. A., Jalal, M. A., & Ishmais, M. A. A. (2010). The influence of supplemental multi-enzyme feed additive on the performance, carcass characteristics and meat quality traits of broiler chickens. International Journal of Poultry Science, 9(2), 126-133. Crossref |
||||
| Zhu, H. L., Hu, L. L., Hou, Y. Q., Zhang, J., & Ding, B. Y. (2014). The effects of enzyme supplementation on performance and digestive parameters of broilers fed corn-soybean diets. Poultry Science, 93(7), 1704-1712. Crossref |
||||
| Żyła, K., Koreleski, J., Świątkiewicz, S., Ledoux, D. R., & Piironen, J. (2001). Influence of supplemental enzymes on the performance and phosphorus excretion of broilers fed wheat-based diets to 6 weeks of age. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 89(1-2), 113-118. Crossref |
||||
Copyright © 2024 Integrity Research Journals. All rights reserved.