Journal of Agricultural Science and Practice

JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE AND PRACTICE
Integrity Research Journals

ISSN: 2536-7072
Model: Open Access/Peer Reviewed
DOI: 10.31248/JASP
Start Year: 2016
Email: jasp@integrityresjournals.org

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Susceptibility of maize varieties to periods of weed interference in Southern Guinea Savannah Zone of Nigeria

https://doi.org/10.31248/JASP2017.041   |   Article Number: E2AF5DFD1   |   Vol.2 (3) - June 2017

Received Date: 08 April 2017   |   Accepted Date: 17 May 2017  |   Published Date: 30 June 2017

Authors:  Tanimu, M. U.* , Adeosun, J. O. , Tsado, E. K. , Muhammad, A. and Nura, K. M.

Keywords: maize, Establishment, guinea savannah, interference, period’s susceptibility, unweeded, varieties, weed, weed free.

ABSTRACT

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The objective of the study was to investigate the susceptibility of maize varieties to periods of weed interference in southern guinea savannah zone of Nigeria. Two Field trials were conducted during the raining seasons of 2011 and 2012 at the Research Farm of the Federal University of Technology Gidan-kwano, Minna in the Southern Guinea Savannah zone of Nigeria. The trials were laid out in split plot design replicated three times. The main plots treatments comprised of four maize varieties namely Oba -98, Sammaz-13, EVDT Y-2000 and 2008-DTMA-Y-STR and sub-plot treatments were ten periods of the weed-interference. Plots were weeded for 3 weeks after sowing (WAS), 6 weeks after sowing (WAS), 9 weeks after sowing (WAS) and 12 weeks after sowing (WAS) and subsequently left weed infested till harvest. Plots were left weed infested for the corresponding periods and subsequently kept weed free until harvest. The combined analysis showed highest plant establishment at 2008-DTMA-Y-STR 75.65% and the least was Oba-98, 70.04%; while EVDTY 2000 and Sammaz-13 were observed to record 74.25% and 73.34% respectively. In 2011, (17) major species of weeds were identified on the experimental field. The species were broadly classified into three weed types as Grasses, Broad leaved and Sedges. Higher weed incidence was observed in 2011, while in 2012, the weed incidence was observed to be lower compared to 2011 wet season. The broadleaf species Fleura aestuans, Commelina benghalensis and sedge weeds species, Cyperus esculentus and Cyperus rotundus were observed to have higher incidence in 2012. Combined cumulative weed dry matter progressively increased as weeding was delayed or as plots were kept unweeded while weed dry matter decreased when plots were kept weed free. It is also concluded that the most susceptible of the tested maize varieties in this study were Oba 98 and 2008-DTMA-Y-STR (crop vigour value of 4.02 each), while the most tolerant is EVDTY-2000 (highest crop vigour value of 4.15). Sammaz-13 (crop vigour value of 4.10) is next to EVDTY-2000 in tolerance. Among the varieties tested, 2008-DTMA-Y-STR had the highest crop establishment percentage, and was observed to have the highest average grain yield of 4.00 T/ha followed by +EVDT Y-2000 with an average yield of 3.40 T/ha, Oba-98 3.32 T/ha and Sammaz-13 3.27 T/ha. 2008-DTMA-Y-STR and Sammaz-13 varieties are recommended for farmers’ use in the study area.

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